音乐云享平台:基于JSP+Servlet的在线音乐管理系统深度解析
项目背景与意义
随着数字音乐内容的爆炸式增长,用户面临着音乐文件分散存储、跨设备访问不便以及歌单整理效率低下的痛点。传统的本地音乐管理方式已经无法满足现代用户对音乐消费的便捷性需求。音乐云享平台应运而生,它通过Web技术实现了音乐资源的集中管理和跨平台访问,为用户提供统一的音乐播放与个性化歌单管理解决方案。
该平台采用成熟的JSP+Servlet技术栈,结合MySQL数据库,构建了一个稳定可靠的在线音乐服务系统。系统支持音乐上传、在线播放、歌单创建、用户评价等核心功能,满足了个人用户日常音乐收藏、学生学习背景音乐管理以及小型兴趣社团音乐共享等多种应用场景。
系统架构与技术栈
音乐云享平台采用标准的MVC分层架构设计,确保了系统的高内聚低耦合。控制层使用Servlet处理前端请求,负责业务逻辑的调度和处理;视图层采用JSP技术,结合HTML5 audio组件实现丰富的用户界面;模型层通过JavaBean封装业务实体,DAO模式完成数据持久化操作。
技术栈组成:
- 后端技术:Java Servlet、JSP、JDBC
- 前端技术:HTML5、CSS3、JavaScript、EL表达式、JSTL标签
- 数据库:MySQL 5.7+
- 服务器:Tomcat 8.0+
- 音频播放:HTML5 audio组件
数据库设计亮点分析
音乐表(t_music)的精细化设计
音乐表作为系统的核心数据表,其设计体现了对音乐元数据管理的深度思考:
CREATE TABLE `t_music` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '自增主键',
`src` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '音乐路径',
`auth` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '作者',
`click` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '点击量',
`TYPE` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '类型',
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '名字',
`insert_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE current_timestamp() COMMENT '插入更新时间',
`type2` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '二级类型',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=37 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_general_ci COMMENT='音乐表'
设计亮点分析:
分层分类体系:通过
TYPE和type2字段实现音乐的两级分类,支持更精细的内容管理。一级分类可用于区分音乐风格(流行、古典、摇滚等),二级分类可进一步细分(华语流行、欧美流行等)。点击量统计:
click字段用于记录音乐播放次数,为热门推荐、排行榜等功能提供数据支持。这种设计便于后期实现基于用户行为的智能推荐系统。时间戳管理:
insert_time字段采用timestamp类型,并设置自动更新机制,确保音乐信息的时效性管理。
用户会员关联表(t_um)的关系建模
CREATE TABLE `t_um` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '自增主键',
`uid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
`mid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '会员ID',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=41 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_general_ci COMMENT='用户会员关联表'
设计亮点分析:
多对多关系解耦:该表作为用户和会员之间的关联表,有效解决了用户与会员等级之间的多对多关系,支持灵活的会员权限管理。
扩展性考虑:简洁的字段设计为后续功能扩展留有余地,如可以增加
start_time、end_time字段支持会员有效期管理。
评价表(t_pj)的用户交互设计
CREATE TABLE `t_pj` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '自增主键',
`mid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '会员ID',
`pingjia` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '评价内容',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=17 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_general_ci COMMENT='评价表'
设计亮点分析:
内容长度优化:
pingjia字段采用varchar(255)类型,既保证了评价内容的充分表达,又避免了过长的文本对数据库性能的影响。外键关系设计:通过
mid字段与会员表建立关联,确保评价数据的完整性和一致性。

核心功能实现深度解析
用户认证与权限管理
系统采用基于Session的用户认证机制,确保不同角色用户访问相应的功能模块。管理员和普通用户具有不同的权限级别,通过统一的登录入口进行身份验证。
登录Servlet核心代码:
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String account = request.getParameter("account");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String userType = request.getParameter("userType");
UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAO();
User user = userDAO.validateUser(account, password, userType);
if (user != null) {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("currentUser", user);
session.setAttribute("userType", userType);
if ("admin".equals(userType)) {
response.sendRedirect("admin/main.jsp");
} else {
response.sendRedirect("user/home.jsp");
}
} else {
request.setAttribute("errorMsg", "用户名或密码错误");
request.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
}
}
用户实体类设计:
public class User {
private int id;
private String account;
private String password;
private String name;
private String sex;
private String email;
private Date createTime;
// 构造函数
public User() {}
public User(int id, String account, String name, String sex, String email) {
this.id = id;
this.account = account;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.email = email;
}
// Getter和Setter方法
public int getId() { return id; }
public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; }
public String getAccount() { return account; }
public void setAccount(String account) { this.account = account; }
public String getPassword() { return password; }
public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; }
// 其他getter/setter方法...
}

音乐播放器核心实现
系统前端的音乐播放功能基于HTML5 audio组件实现,结合JavaScript控制逻辑,提供完整的播放控制体验。
音乐播放器JSP页面核心代码:
<div class="music-player">
<audio id="audioPlayer" controls style="width: 100%;">
<source src="${currentMusic.src}" type="audio/mpeg">
您的浏览器不支持音频播放功能。
</audio>
<div class="player-controls">
<button onclick="playPause()" id="playBtn">播放/暂停</button>
<button onclick="previousMusic()">上一首</button>
<button onclick="nextMusic()">下一首</button>
<button onclick="addToPlaylist(${currentMusic.id})">加入歌单</button>
<div class="volume-control">
<span>音量:</span>
<input type="range" id="volumeSlider" min="0" max="1" step="0.1" value="0.7"
onchange="setVolume(this.value)">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
var audio = document.getElementById('audioPlayer');
var playBtn = document.getElementById('playBtn');
function playPause() {
if (audio.paused) {
audio.play();
playBtn.innerHTML = '暂停';
// 记录播放次数
recordPlayCount(${currentMusic.id});
} else {
audio.pause();
playBtn.innerHTML = '播放';
}
}
function recordPlayCount(musicId) {
// 使用AJAX记录播放次数
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('POST', 'recordPlayCount', true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
xhr.send('musicId=' + musicId);
}
</script>
播放记录Servlet实现:
@WebServlet("/recordPlayCount")
public class RecordPlayCountServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
int musicId = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("musicId"));
MusicDAO musicDAO = new MusicDAO();
boolean success = musicDAO.incrementPlayCount(musicId);
response.setContentType("application/json");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("{\"success\": " + success + "}");
out.flush();
}
}

歌单管理系统
歌单管理是系统的核心功能之一,支持用户创建、编辑、删除个人歌单,以及向歌单中添加或移除音乐。
歌单DAO数据访问层:
public class PlaylistDAO {
private Connection connection;
public PlaylistDAO() {
this.connection = DBUtil.getConnection();
}
// 创建新歌单
public boolean createPlaylist(int userId, String playlistName, String description) {
String sql = "INSERT INTO user_playlists (user_id, playlist_name, description, create_time) VALUES (?, ?, ?, NOW())";
try (PreparedStatement pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql)) {
pstmt.setInt(1, userId);
pstmt.setString(2, playlistName);
pstmt.setString(3, description);
return pstmt.executeUpdate() > 0;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
// 向歌单添加音乐
public boolean addMusicToPlaylist(int playlistId, int musicId) {
String sql = "INSERT INTO playlist_musics (playlist_id, music_id, add_time) VALUES (?, ?, NOW())";
try (PreparedStatement pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql)) {
pstmt.setInt(1, playlistId);
pstmt.setInt(2, musicId);
return pstmt.executeUpdate() > 0;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
// 获取用户歌单列表
public List<Playlist> getUserPlaylists(int userId) {
List<Playlist> playlists = new ArrayList<>();
String sql = "SELECT * FROM user_playlists WHERE user_id = ? ORDER BY create_time DESC";
try (PreparedStatement pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql)) {
pstmt.setInt(1, userId);
ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
Playlist playlist = new Playlist();
playlist.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
playlist.setUserId(rs.getInt("user_id"));
playlist.setPlaylistName(rs.getString("playlist_name"));
playlist.setDescription(rs.getString("description"));
playlist.setCreateTime(rs.getTimestamp("create_time"));
playlist.setMusicCount(getPlaylistMusicCount(rs.getInt("id")));
playlists.add(playlist);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return playlists;
}
}

音乐上传与管理功能
管理员用户具备音乐上传和管理的权限,支持批量操作和音乐信息编辑。
音乐上传Servlet:
@WebServlet("/uploadMusic")
@MultipartConfig(
maxFileSize = 1024 * 1024 * 50, // 50MB
maxRequestSize = 1024 * 1024 * 100 // 100MB
)
public class MusicUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 检查用户权限
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String userType = (String) session.getAttribute("userType");
if (!"admin".equals(userType)) {
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN, "无权限执行此操作");
return;
}
// 获取表单数据
String musicName = request.getParameter("musicName");
String author = request.getParameter("author");
String type = request.getParameter("type");
String type2 = request.getParameter("type2");
Part filePart = request.getPart("musicFile");
// 文件上传处理
String fileName = getFileName(filePart);
String savePath = getServletContext().getRealPath("/music_files") + File.separator + fileName;
// 保存文件
try (InputStream input = filePart.getInputStream()) {
Files.copy(input, Paths.get(savePath));
}
// 保存音乐信息到数据库
MusicDAO musicDAO = new MusicDAO();
Music music = new Music();
music.setName(musicName);
music.setAuth(author);
music.setType(type);
music.setType2(type2);
music.setSrc("music_files/" + fileName);
music.setClick(0);
boolean success = musicDAO.addMusic(music);
if (success) {
response.sendRedirect("admin/musicManagement.jsp?msg=upload_success");
} else {
response.sendRedirect("admin/musicManagement.jsp?error=upload_failed");
}
}
private String getFileName(Part part) {
String contentDisp = part.getHeader("content-disposition");
String[] tokens = contentDisp.split(";");
for (String token : tokens) {
if (token.trim().startsWith("filename")) {
return token.substring(token.indexOf("=") + 2, token.length() - 1);
}
}
return "";
}
}

实体模型设计
系统采用面向对象的设计思想,通过JavaBean封装业务实体,确保数据的一致性和完整性。
音乐实体类完整实现:
public class Music {
private int id;
private String src;
private String auth;
private int click;
private String type;
private String name;
private Timestamp insertTime;
private String type2;
// 无参构造函数
public Music() {}
// 带参构造函数
public Music(int id, String name, String auth, String type, String src) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.auth = auth;
this.type = type;
this.src = src;
this.click = 0;
this.insertTime = new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
}
// Getter和Setter方法
public int getId() { return id; }
public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; }
public String getSrc() { return src; }
public void setSrc(String src) { this.src = src; }
public String getAuth() { return auth; }
public void setAuth(String auth) { this.auth = auth; }
public int getClick() { return click; }
public void setClick(int click) { this.click = click; }
public String getType() { return type; }
public void setType(String type) { this.type = type; }
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public Timestamp getInsertTime() { return insertTime; }
public void setInsertTime(Timestamp insertTime) { this.insertTime = insertTime; }
public String getType2() { return type2; }
public void setType2(String type2) { this.type2 = type2; }
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Music{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", auth='" + auth + '\'' +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", click=" + click +
'}';
}
}
数据库工具类:
public class DBUtil {
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/music_db?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC";
private static final String USERNAME = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "password";
private static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
static {
try {
Class.forName(DRIVER);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static Connection getConnection() {
Connection connection = null;
try {
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return connection;
}
public static void closeConnection(Connection connection) {
if (connection != null) {
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void closeStatement(Statement statement) {
if (statement != null) {
try {
statement.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void closeResultSet(ResultSet resultSet) {
if (resultSet != null) {
try {
resultSet.close();
}